POSITIVE DISCIPLINE

Web resources for parents and teachers on discipline without corporal punishment: N-W

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National Association for Prevention of Child Abuse and Neglect
www.napcan.org.au
This Australian Association has produced a number of resources for parents, available on the website, including:

• Children and discipline. Available at www.napcan.org.au/Information_Resources/supporting_families/supporting_families.html.
• Use words that help not hurt. Available at www.napcan.org.au/Information_Resources/supporting_children/supporting_children.html.
• 30 ways to boost a child's confidence. Available at www.napcan.org.au/Information_Resources/supporting_children/supporting_children.html.
• Alternatives to hitting children - or any other kind of punishment. Available at www.napcan.org.au/Information_Resources/supporting_families/supporting_families.html.
• It's not OK to shake babies. Available at www.napcan.org.au/Information_Resources/supporting_families/supporting_families.html.

National Family and Parenting Institute
www.nfpi.org
The NFPI is an independent charity supporting parents in bringing up children without using corporal punishment, promoting the wellbeing of families, and campaigning for a more family friendly society. The organisation conducts regular surveys on aspects of parenting and family life in the UK, and runs e-parents (see above). Resources include:

• Understanding discipline - A summary: An overview of child discipline practices and their implications for family support - summary of a 2001 report on the effectiveness of a variety of disciplinary methods used in bringing up children, including physical punishment. While not outrightly condemning smacking, it notes the growing interest among parents for alternative ways of disciplining children, and the evidence for links between physical punishment, physical abuse, behaviour and emotional problems, and later mental health problems, and for the ineffectiveness of physical punishment on children's behaviour. It calls for national support for developing parenting skills and a public awareness campaign to promote positive parenting, where children learn through co-operation and rewards rather than conflict and punishment. Available at www.nfpi.org/data/publications/index.htm; full report (£10.00) available by telephoning 00 44 207424 3460.
• The Millennial Family - 1999 MORI survey. Available at www.nfpi.org/data/research/docs/millennialfamily.doc.
• Teenagers' Attitudes to Parenting: A survey of young people's experiences of being parented, and their views on how to bring up children - 2000 MORI survey. Available at www.nfpi.org/data/research/docs/teenagers.doc.
• Listening to minority ethnic parents: their worries, their solutions - 2001 MORI survey. Available at www.nfpi.org/data/research/lis_min.htm.

National Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Children
www.nspcc.org.uk
A UK organisation campaigning for non-violent approaches to parenting. In 2002, the NSPCC organised the UK's first ever large-scale public education campaign entitled "Hitting children must stop. FULL STOP", which included research into parents' views and experiences of corporal punishment and publications promoting positive discipline. The NSPCC also provides reports and resources for teachers and has produced guidance for professionals on positive discipline - Encouraging Positive Discipline, priced £1.50. Resources freely available on the website include:

• Toddler Tips: for parents by parents - parents' tips for dealing with toddler behaviour, with NSPCC commentary. Available at www.nspcc.org.uk/html/Home/Informationresources/forparentscarers.htm.
• Not Naughty but Normal - advice on bringing up toddlers with a focus on how challenging behaviour is a normal expression of their changing needs as they develop. Available at www.nspcc.org.uk/html/Home/Informationresources/forparentscarers.htm.
• Encouraging Better Behaviour: A practical guide to positive parenting - launched in May 2002 as part of the nationwide campaign to end corporal punishment of children in the home. Available at www.nspcc.org.uk/html/Home/Informationresources/forparentscarers.htm.
• Behave Yourself - a practical guide to encouraging better behaviour in children. Available at www.nspcc.org.uk/html/Home/Informationresources/forparentscarers.htm.
• Listening to Children - how to communicate more effectively with children. Available at www.nspcc.org.uk/html/Home/Informationresources/forparentscarers.htm.

Nationwide CAMPAIGN FOR A NON-VIOLENT Pedagogy
www.usp.br/ip/laboratories/lacri/nonviolent.htm
The SPANKING IS NON-EDUCATIONAL campaign in Brazil is based at the Institute of Psychology Child Studies Laboratory (LACRI) at the University of São Paulo and led by Dr Maria Amélia Azevedo and Dr Viviane Nogueira de Azevedo Guerra. Its aims include fighting all domestic violence against children, including corporal punishment, and creating a non-violent pedagogy in family upbringing. The website includes information on historical and empirical research, and an ongoing study course covering research, legal reform, and educational awareness.

The Natural Child Project
www.naturalchild.org
The Natural Child Project ("all children behave as well as they are treated") contains many resources to support parents who choose attachment parenting and non-punitive ways to bring up children. It includes articles by Jan Hunt and others, and distributes a monthly e-newsletter. Articles are available in English and Portuguese. Articles include:

• Sociopathic Parenting. Available at www.naturalchild.org/james_kimmel/sociopathic_parenting.html.
• Tough Love. Available at www.naturalchild.org/jan_hunt/tough_love.html.
• The Influence of Corporal Punishment on Crime. Available at www.naturalchild.org/research/corporal_punishment.html.
• Canadian Study Links Spanking to Psychiatric Disorders. Available at www.naturalchild.org/research/canadian_spanking_study.html.
• The Relationships Between Feelings and Behaviour. Available at www.naturalchild.org/sidney_craig/feelings.html.
• The Feelings of Children. Available at www.naturalchild.org/guest/virginia_coigney.html.
• Hidden Messages. Available at www.naturalchild.org/jan_hunt/hidden.html.
• The Fear of Being Permissive. Available at www.naturalchild.org/sidney_craig/permissive.html.

Natural Parenting UK
www.natural-parenting.com
Parental discipline which has no place for hitting children is an important aspect of the alternative parenting promoted by this website. Articles include:

• Ten recommendations for wise parenting. Available at www.natural-parenting.com/tenrec.html.
• Hidden messages: What our words and actions are really telling our children. Available at www.natural-parenting.com/cas.html.

New South Wales Centre for Parenting and Research
www.parenting.nsw.gov.au
This website provides a number of useful articles on disciplining without using physical punishment, including:

• Positive discipline. Available at www.parenting.nsw.gov.au/public/s06_tips_case/General.aspx?id=131.
• Discipline: where do I start? Available at www.parenting.nsw.gov.au/public/s06_tips_case/General.aspx?id=131.
• Discipline for toddlers: getting a handle on toddler behaviour. Available at www.parenting.nsw.gov.au/public/s06_tips_case/General.aspx?id=131.
• You can't make me! Developing responsibility (in teenagers). Available at www.parenting.nsw.gov.au/public/s06_tips_case/General.aspx?id=131.

New South Wales Commission for Children and Young People
www.kids.nsw.gov.au
Information sheets available for parents include:

• Listening to children. Available at www.kids.nsw.gov.au/info.
• Raising children. Available at www.kids.nsw.gov.au/info.

Northwest Regional Educational Laboratory
www.nwrel.org
As part of its School Improvement Research series, this US Laboratory has produced a research perspective on improving school and classroom discipline:

• Schoolwide and classroom discipline. Reports on research findings identifying effective classroom- and school-level disciplinary practices, and recommends that corporal punishment be avoided. Available at www.nwrel.org/scpd/sirs/5/cu9.html.

The No Spanking Page
www.neverhitachild.org
A list of links to positive non-punitive childrearing pages and references, with an introductory article by Murray A. Straus "Hitting a child is wrong and a child never, ever, under any circumstances should be hit".

Parenting of Adolescents
http://parentingteens.about.com
This website provides a range of advice from parent Denise Witmer on positive discipline methods and articles on effective communication styles, aimed at parents of teenagers. Articles include:

• What is discipline? Available at http://parentingteens.about.com/cs/disciplin1/a/discipline_p.htm.
• The myth of the "bad kid". Available at http://parentingteens.about.com/cs/disciplin1/a/childbehavior_p.htm.

Parenting without Punishing
www.nopunish.net
The website of Norm Lee, an active campaigner against corporal punishment. He has developed an approach to parenting which he calls the New Non-Punitive Parenting Paradigm (NN-PPP), based on the principles of respect for children as thinking and feeling human beings with full membership in the family and on Democratic Discipline. Resources include:

• What can an observer do to stop the hitting? Available at www.nopunish.net/interven.htm.
• Parenting without Punishing - book by Norm Lee outlining the New Non-Punitive Parenting Paradigm and Democratic Discipline. Available at www.nopunish.net/PWP.pdf.

The Parent Training Center
www.parenttrainingcenter.com
A parent training organisation dedicated to the promotion of positive discipline. Provides training for parents (including single parents), teachers and childcare workers, and offers free web-based previews of the training sessions.

PositiveDiscipline.com
www.positivediscipline.com
Jane Nelson is a speaker and writer on bringing up children without using corporal punishment. This website contains resources for teachers and parents based on her work, including:

• What is positive discipline? Available at www.positivediscipline.com/What_is_PD_Article.pdf.
• Positive discipline guidelines. Available at www.positivediscipline.com/articles/index.html.
• 18 ways to avoid power struggles. Available at www.positivediscipline.com/articles/index.html.
• How do you motivate a teen? Available at www.positivediscipline.com/articles/index.html.
• Positive time out. Available at www.positivediscipline.com/articles_teacher/.
• No more logical consequences. Available at www.positivediscipline.com/articles_teacher/.
• Planting seeds of change through positive discipline. Available at www.positivediscipline.com/articles_teacher/planting.html.
• The spinoffs of positive discipline. Available at www.positivediscipline.com/articles_teacher/spinoffs.html.

Positive Discipline Resource Center
http://joanneaz_2.tripod.com/positivedisciplineresourcecenter/id14.html
A Christian-based website with materials dealing with children's behaviour without using corporal punishment. It includes a useful section on recommended books and a number of articles, including:

• Proactive and responsive discipline. Available at http://joanneaz_2.tripod.com/positivedisciplineresourcecenter/id14.html.
• A study of "The Rod" scriptures: do Christians have to spank? Available at http://joanneaz_2.tripod.com/positivedisciplineresourcecenter/id14.html.

Positive Parenting On-line
www.positiveparenting.com
This USA based website includes tips and articles on alternatives to corporal punishment for parents, teachers and other caregivers of children from toddlers to teenagers. Also a regular newsletter. Articles include:

• Bedtime Without Struggling. Available at www.positiveparenting.com/resources/feature_article_012.html.
• 9 Things to do Instead of Spanking. Available at www.positiveparenting.com/resources/feature_article_002.html.
• Deciding to Spare the Rod. Available at www.positiveparenting.com/resources/feature_article_013.html.
• Ten Keys to Successful Parenting. Available at www.positiveparenting.com/resources/feature_article_001.html.
• Dealing with Power Struggles. Available at www.positiveparenting.com/resources/feature_article_003.html.

Project NoSpank
www.nospank.net
This is the website of Parents and Teachers Against Violence in Education, run by Jordan Riak in the USA. Contains articles on all aspects of corporal punishment of children, with many documents available in English, French and Spanish. Also host Christians for Non-Violent Parenting (see above). Resources include:

• Spanking teaches wrong lessons. Available at www.nospank.net/resnick.htm.
• How children really react to control. Available at www.nospank.net/gordon2.htm.
• Shame steps out of hiding and into sharper focus. Available at www.nospank.net/goleman3.htm.
• Spanking as sexualised abuse. Available at www.nospank.net/donahue.htm.
• Time to stop eleventh hour parenting. Available at www.nospank.net/whthrst.htm.
• Effects of spanking - a brief summary. Available at www.nospank.net/killen.htm.
• Mistaken approaches to night waking. Available at www.nospank.net/fleiss.htm.
• The men they will become. Available at www.nospank.net/nberger2.htm.
• An alternative to spanking? Available at www.nospank.net/altcp.htm.
• A Christian perspective on corporal punishment. Available at www.nospank.net/popcak.htm.

Raising Kids
www.raisingkids.co.uk
This UK-based website promotes non-punitive ways of disciplining children and includes advice from experts and tips from parents. Much of the advice is organised around age-related issues, and discussion of how to manage behaviour always includes the advice never to smack the child. Articles include:

• Tantrum Taming Tips. Available at www.raisingkids.co.uk/1_4/tod_emo02.asp.
• 1-4 Yrs: Bully Or Attention-Seeker? Available at www.raisingkids.co.uk/1_4/tod?hr06.asp.

Save the Children UK
www.savethechildren.org.uk
Save the Children is the UK's leading international children's charity and produces a number of publications for parents and other childcarers about non-violent ways of managing children's behaviour. Resources include:

• We Can Work It Out: Parenting With Confidence - a booklet promoting positive discipline based on good communication and the rights of children to express themselves, learn and develop, while parents also have the right to set limits on acceptable behaviour. The booklet outlines the principles of positive discipline, and includes examples of how to handle typical situations such as keeping babies safe from harm, teaching toddlers not to hurt each other, dealing with tantrums, and stopping siblings arguing with each other. It contains information on further resources, including books for children, and useful addresses. Available at www.savethechildren.org.uk/onlinepubs/workitout/index.html. Also available as a training pack for parent groups and those who work with parents (£12.50) from orders@plymbridge.com.
• An Eye for an Eye Leaves Everyone Blind - a training pack and parents' guide produced together with the National Early Years Network to help children develop non-violent ways of resolving disputes. Available (£10.00) from orders@plymbridge.com.
• Let's Work Together: Managing children's behaviour - a training pack for those who work with other people's children explaining how to control challenging behaviour and reinforce positive behaviour without resorting to corporal punishment. Available (£12.50) from orders@plymbridge.com.

UNICEF
www.unicef.org
Online guidance on child protection has been developed by UNICEF, which includes the development of proper classroom discipline, and other useful resources:

• Child protection: discipline and violence. Available at www.unicef.org/teachers/protection/violence.htm.
• Co-operative learning. Available at www.unicef.org/teachers/teacher/co-op.htm.
• Beliefs about a constructive learning environment. Available at www.unicef.org/teachers/learner/beliefs.htm.
• Interpersonal skills for learning. Available at www.unicef.org/teachers/learner/p_skills.htm.

The Whole Family Attachment Parenting Association
http://members.tripod.com/~JudyArnall/index.html
Canadian website with information about attachment parenting, based on positive non-violent discipline, and links to other relevant sites.

Please contact us if you have, or know of, materials available electronically: info@endcorporalpunishment.org